It can be used to filter YouTube videos based on the appropriateness of kids’ age through the analysis of meta-data or suggestions from user reports. In addition, for that purpose, in 2015, Google introduced YouTube Kids. Therefore, the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) highlighted the requirement to protect children under 13 years for the online community of kids’ digital safety. At the same time, it can be risky if these channels contain disturbing or inappropriate content for kids that can impact their knowledge, attitude, and foundational and development skills. These channels can be beneficial for kids if used for educational or entertainment purposes. YouTubers/influencers and companies create hundreds of YouTube channels that target kids. It can positively or negatively impact the learning of children at an early age. Eighty percent of parents in the USA have stated that their kids watch YouTube. Based on recent research in 2022, 65% of kids spend their browsing time on YouTube. Monthly, 70% of this figure access YouTube through mobile phones. According to Statista, in 2022, 2.6 billion viewers were on YouTube. Because many YouTube channels are created to attract kids, the relationship between children and digital media is swiftly growing. Kids can access a diverse range of YouTube channels through many types of devices, such as tablets, smart TVs, mobile phones, laptops, and desktops. In this regard, digital spaces are consuming large amounts of time for kids. Kids and teenagers mostly use it as an alternative to traditional TV or entertainment methods. Millions of users who upload, watch, share, and comment on videos use it and display recorded educational videos or stories. YouTube is one of the most popular social media platforms and was created in 2005. Significance: This can be beneficial to data mining, cybersecurity researchers, and peoples’ concerns about children’s cybersecurity and safety. In addition, the outcome answers three main identified research questions. The selection and filtration process reduced this to 72 research articles that were appropriate and related to the objective. Results: The total number of collected articles was 435. Methods: This study conducts a systematic review of research papers that were published between January 2016 and December 2022 in international journals and international conferences, especially in IEEE Xplore Digital Library, ACM Digital Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Springer database, and ScienceDirect database. Objective: The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the existing methods, techniques, tools, and approaches that are used to protect kids and prevent them from accessing inappropriate content on YouTube videos. They are video rating, parental control applications, analysis meta-data of videos, video or audio content, and analysis of user accounts. These can be categorized into five main directions. The proposed methods and approaches are to limit or prevent such threats that may negatively influence kids. Recently, researchers have given much attention to these issues, which are considered important for individuals and society. Simultaneously, harmful and inappropriate video content has a negative impact. YouTube is a source of education and entertainment media that has a significant impact on the skill improvement, knowledge, and attitudes of children. Background: With digital transformation and growing social media usage, kids spend considerable time on the web, especially watching videos on YouTube.
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